Low Carb Diet: Types, How to Choose, Menu, and Benefits – Greatist
Following a low carb diet means youll limit the number of carbohydrates (carbs) you consume every day. Research has linked low carb diets to some health benefits, such as weight loss and blood sugar management.
Is it worth saying see ya! to some of your fave high carb foods, like pasta and sourdough? Maybe. But its not right for everyone.
Heres how to know what to eat, what to skip, and whether a low carb diet is right for you.
Eating according to a low carb diet means youll restrict the proportion of carbs to other calories you eat every day.
For low carbohydrate diets, that means getting less than 130 grams of carbs per day, or less than 26 percent of your total calories from carbs. For very low carbohydrate diets, its 20 to 50 grams of carbs per day or less than 10 percent of total calories from carbs.
This might seem like a simple rule to follow, but for most people this would be a big change from their normal diet. Americans usually get 45 to 65 percent of their calories from carbs.
Why make such a major shift? A low carb diet could help you avoid health issues that some studies have linked to modern-day high carb diets. It might also help you lose weight.
You can build your low carb diet by figuring out what works best for you, but there are also popular diets you can follow.
The ketogenic (keto) diet comes in many forms, but the standard keto diet means youll get 70 percent of your calories from fat, 20 percent from protein, and 10 percent from carbs.
The Atkins diet requires eating 20 grams of carbs each day for the first 2 weeks and then slowly increasing until you reach 50 grams of carbs per day.
Although keto and Atkins are prob the most recognizable low carb diets, there are plenty of others out there, like the Low Carb, High Fat (LCHF) diet; the Bulletproof Diet; and the Dubrow Diet.
Low carb diets can contain a wide variety of foods, including some that are higher in carbs, depending on the macro composition of your preferred low carb diet.
If youre following a low carb diet, youll want to get most of your daily calories from whole, nutritious foods like these:
Depending on your level of carb restriction, you may need to limit or avoid the following foods:
Other higher-carb foods and beverages, like grains and wine, can be included in more moderate low carb diets.
Regardless, the most important factor when planning a low carb diet is to make sure youre staying within the recommended carb intake for your specific diet.
In general, youll want to say so long to foods with a high proportion of carbs, such as these:
Remember that many of these foods, especially fruits, starchy veggies, and beans, can be a part of many low carb diets. The amount you can eat depends on your level of carb restriction.
Theres a bunch of different low carb diets, each with its own recommended carb intake.
Heres a 1-week menu for a very low carb ketogenic diet. This plan contains less than 50 grams of carbs per day.
Keep in mind that this is a very low carb plan, so its not appropriate for those on more moderate low carb diets.
Low carb diets have been linked to some health benefits. Doctors often prescribe them in a clinical setting to manage certain medical conditions.
Check with your doc first
The benefits below are potential perks of going on a low carb diet for folks without known risk factors.
If you have certain health conditions, such as liver failure, following a low carb diet can actually be dangerous to your health. Its always a good idea to check with your healthcare provider before going on a low carb diet to make sure you can do so safely.
Going low carb could help improve blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes and diabetes.
Some studies have found that low carb diets led to greater weight loss and a slightly greater decrease in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) than diets with normal or high carb content.
The low carb diets also led to a much bigger decrease in triglyceride levels. (High triglyceride levels are common in people who have high blood sugar and can increase the risk of heart disease.)
Research suggests that adopting a very low carb ketogenic diet may even help people with type 2 diabetes reduce or discontinue their blood sugar medication.
Your diet and your blood sugar
Studies have found that some low carb diets are extremely hard to stick to in the long term because theyre so restrictive. Following a less-restrictive lower-carb diet is likely a better choice for long-term blood sugar management.
Low carb diets are all the rage in the weight loss world, and theres evidence to support this popularity. Studies suggest low carb diets are at least as effective as low fat diets and sometimes even more effective.
A small 2020 study found that older adults with obesity who followed a very low carb diet lost more body fat in 8 weeks than those who followed a low fat diet.
The people in the very low carb diet group also lost about three times as much visceral fat as the low fat dieters did. Visceral fat is a type of fat that surrounds your organs and is linked to an increased risk of many chronic diseases.
But research suggests that more moderate low carb diets can also be effective for promoting fat loss, and theyre generally easier to stick to. So if youre looking for a more reasonable approach to long-term weight management, you can prob skip the very low carb options.
Some studies have also found that low fat diets are just as effective as low carb diets, as long as the calorie content is the same.
Dieting for weight loss
Remember: The healthiest and most effective eating plan for weight loss is one thats sustainable and nourishing and that works for your unique lifestyle and nutrient needs.
Keto diets have been used in the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy for a long time. Theyve also shown promise in treating other neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis and Alzheimers disease.
Research also suggests that going low carb may help improve sleep and reduce the risk of anxiety in some people.
Low carb diets may help treat medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and fatty liver disease. More research is needed, but some studies suggest they could even be a valuable supplement to cancer treatments.
Keep in mind that research in these areas is ongoing, meaning theres still a lot to learn about low carb diets and their impact on health.
Theres a wide range of low carb diets, and some diets might be really helpful for one population but really dangerous for another.
In general, its important to check with a qualified healthcare provider before starting a low carb diet.
Very low carb diets arent appropriate for people with certain medical conditions, like pancreatitis and liver failure. These diets can also lead to nutrient deficiencies if youre not intentional about what nutrients youre getting.
If youre pregnant or breastfeeding, a moderate low carb diet might be OK. But a keto diet is typically not recommended unless youre under medical supervision for a health condition like drug-resistant epilepsy.
Depending on genetic factors and each persons overall health, very low carb diets can have varying effects on measurements like insulin resistance and blood lipid levels. This is why its important to be monitored by a healthcare provider if youre following a very low carb diet.
Switching to a very low carb diet may cause unpleasant side effects like headaches, constipation, and fatigue. You might have heard of this keto flu.
Are low carb diets healthy?
Even though very low carb diets may be beneficial for some people, a restrictive diet is usually not necessary to improve your health.
If you have questions about how to lose weight or improve other aspects of your health, work with a qualified healthcare provider like a registered dietitian to come up with a healthy plan that works for you.
Research on the long-term effects of low carb diets on overall health isnt conclusive.
Theres a lot to learn about low carb diets, including how to do them properly and whether theyre healthy and safe to follow.
Even though this article offers some helpful advice, its best to work with a registered dietitian or another healthcare provider if youre interested in following a low carb diet.
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Low Carb Diet: Types, How to Choose, Menu, and Benefits - Greatist
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